IDRG

Institutional Dysfunction Research Group

Researching why institutions persist, adapt, and underperform.

The core question

Why do institutions that fail continue to exist in the form they do?

01

Mission

IDRG studies institutional dysfunction as a political outcome rather than as a residual category for things that did not work. It examines how rules, incentives, and discretion combine to produce arrangements that underperform consistently, and asks who those arrangements serve.

02

Vision

To build a collaborative research community producing empirical and comparative work on institutions and governance across the Global South, developed from cases rather than imported to them, and legible enough that findings in one setting can be read against another.

Research programme

What the group studies.

Institutional persistence

Why particular arrangements endure when performance alone cannot explain their survival.

Institutional dysfunction

Dysfunction examined as an outcome with identifiable beneficiaries.

Political incentives

How incentives shape what institutions are permitted to do, and what they are permitted to fail at.

Bureaucratic politics

Administrative behaviour, discretion, and implementation as the site where rules meet interests.

Rent extraction and distribution

How arrangements generate and allocate advantage, and how that feeds back into durability.

Institutional adaptation

The conditions under which institutions adjust, reform, or decline.

Comparative politics of the Global South

Building theory from cases rather than treating them as tests of frameworks developed elsewhere.

Projects

Current work and proposed directions.

Current work is research already underway. Proposed projects are directions the group intends to develop; they do not yet exist.

Current work

Current

The Profits of Dysfunction

Working paper on political incentives and institutional failure in South Asia.

Completed

When the State Falters

Mixed-methods study of policy failure in migration governance.

Proposed projects

Proposed
Institutional Dysfunction Observatory

A structured repository of cases where formally existing institutions repeatedly underperform.

Formal functionObserved dysfunctionActorsIncentivesImplementationAdaptationPersistenceReform attempts
Proposed
Voices from Institutions

An anonymised archive of accounts from people navigating institutions, built to research ethics standards.

Proposed
Institutional Persistence Casebook

Comparative case studies examining how institutions persist despite poor performance.

Proposed
Institutional Change and Reform

Research on reforms that change formal rules but may or may not change underlying incentives and outcomes.

Future direction
Comparative Institutions

Longer-term comparative research across the Global South.

Methods

How the work is done.

Interviews

Semi-structured interviewing with people inside and around institutions.

Case studies

Cases developed carefully enough to carry analytical weight.

Comparative analysis

Reading cases against one another to separate the general from the particular.

Qualitative coding

Thematic analysis and structured coding of interview material.

Quantitative analysis

Survey and policy data analysis using R and SPSS.

Policy and document analysis

Reading formal rules, mandates, and reform documents against observed practice.

Questions

What the group is trying to answer.

01Why do dysfunctional institutions persist across changes of government?
02Who benefits from institutional underperformance, and how stable is that group over time?
03How does discretion reshape formal rules in practice?
04Why do some reforms change rules without changing outcomes?
05When does adaptation around an institution end up reinforcing it?
06Under what conditions do political incentives shift enough to produce genuine institutional change?
07How far do mechanisms identified in one case travel across the Global South?

How the group works

Intended activities.

IDRG is at an early stage. This describes how it is designed to operate as it forms, not a schedule of events that has already run.

Research discussions

Regular discussion of work in progress, framed around the argument rather than the polish.

Working papers

Developing drafts toward circulation, with structured internal review.

Collaborative projects

Joint work where questions overlap and a shared design beats parallel effort.

Literature discussions

Close reading of the work the group builds on and argues with.

Case development

Building cases to a standard that supports comparison.

Methodological exchange

Practical discussion of design, measurement, and inference.

Work on the problem with us.

If these questions are close to what you already think about, the group is open to you.